Tags: Question 3. -- never again would British kings be as powerful as Parliament. aristocracy. -didn't restore absolutism, avoided conflicts with Parliament K. The Church is subordinate to and the agent of civil authority. -created strong central bureaucracy -Seen as sympathetic to Catholics (alliance w/ Spain), Puritans: seek to purify Anglican Church from Pope+ Bishops, -Parliament passes Petition of Right (1628) to control King Peace between the emperor and Spain was not concluded until the Treaty of The Hague (February 1720). -adopts western dress, manners, style 5 & 2,000 Spanish territories in Italy and Flanders were divided, with Savoy receiving Sicily and parts of the Duchy of Milan. ~fourth largest army by 1740 in other Spanish kingdoms. The question of the Spanish Succession was finally settled in favour of the Bourbon Philip V, grandson of Frances Louis XIV. ** In emergencies= House of Orange takes Over***, Trade: Religious toleration, Bank of Amsterdam, finishing+ merchant fleet (offered lowest shipping rates, largest merchant marine, and depended less on export than transport, ~Dutch East India Company in 1602: private trading company G. William & Mary --> "Glorious Revolution" (1688); a bloodless coup. Despite its many achievements, the Dutch Golden Age was not without its challenges. - cut into Portuguese trading in East Asia he was too extravegent (he put France into great debt). -- he learned the lessons of his predecessors (Don't mess with Parliament!) Dylan Graves, McAvoy, Period 8. . The treaty was preceded by the asiento agreement, by which Spain gave to Britain the exclusive right to supply the Spanish colonies with African slaves for the next 30 years. The country was home to a number of talented artists and writers, and the prosperity of the period allowed for a flourishing arts scene. \hline 1 & \$ 800 \\ -Traditional restraints on women were lifted, encouraged to mix and play greater gender role (Family Life), Economics: -hereditary provinces of Austria, Kingdom of Bohemia, Hungary, Charles VI issues Pragmatic Sanction - "Council of Blood" tribunal set up to execute leaders E. Development of the Domestic System: European Parliament Intensive Care Interest Group; National Societies; Events. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The Dutch had the largest fleet in the world with 10,000 ships, and they replaced the Italians as the premier bankers of Europe, with the Amsterdam Public Bank attracting foreign merchants who could use bills of exchange as currency. The Major Themes of the Era: -gained no additional land, but kept Strasbourg and part of Alsace -ignored Estates General -> nobles have no means of united action, Major Beliefs: ONE KING, ONE LAW, ONE FAITH => Protestants system. ~1660 Frederick William forced Estates to accept permanent taxation w/out consent -Grand Alliance of England, Dutch, Austrians and Prussians No need for sacraments (except Baptism, Eucharist, & Confirmation) or good works. C. policies of Frederick William, the "Great Elector", Frederick I, and Frederick II, the "Great". Therefore, this supremacy of Parliament provided Britain with the By bigdaveisgreat. The Peace of Utrecht will be marked with events throughout Europe, but not so here. Updates? [7], The Peace confirmed the Bourbon candidate as Philip V of Spain to remain as king. -- English Bill of Rights (1668-1689) --> it settled all of the major issues between the kings and -Seeks illegal sources of revenue answer choices Treaty of Nystad Treaty of Utrecht Treaty of Versailles Peace of Paris Question 2 30 seconds Q. the period of anarchy and civil war which followed the reign of Ivan the Terrible was known as . This economic growth led to an increase in wealth and a rise in the standard of living for many Dutch people. He also believed that rulers should rule without anyone's consent. Imperialism: expanding your empire Two peace treaties that in 1714 ended ongoing European conflicts following the War of the Spanish Succession. Growth of consumer goods coming out of the Americas Seven Years War b/w the English and French over the . ~ divided into 17 provinces and ruled themselves 1. mercantile practices or spirit; commercialism 2. Spains treaty with Britain (July 13) gave Gibraltar and Minorca to Britain. ~alliance w/ Electors of Brandenburg+ Saxony = Victory and reversed war, and brought new mobility to change tactics, ~ Battle of Lutzen: Adolphus dies, Deep religious motivation, greed and political gain real forces in War. Austria had traditionally relied on naval support from the Dutch, whose own capability had been severely degraded; Britain prevented the loss of Sicily and Naples in 1718 but refused to do so again in 1734. L. cosmopolitanism. Use x as the variable. order to produce more capital. -- Long Parliament (1640-1660) C. Louis XIV (1643-1715) [citation needed], For the individual signatories, Britain established naval superiority over its competitors, commercial access to Spain and America, and control of Menorca and Gibraltar; it retains the latter territory to this day. [40] The acquisition of the Barrier Fortresses however became an important asset of Dutch foreign policy and enlarged their sphere of influence. . Atalantic Seaboard replaces Mediterranean System of international commerce This paper assesses what this inclusion signified to the treaty negotiators at Utrecht and what the balance of power meant to them both as a political principle and for its legal implications. Parliament (** see your notes for further details **) G. Kept bishops for administrative purposes. Performances of Peace - 2015-10 "Performances of Peace: Utrecht 1713" aims to rethink the significance of the Peace of Utrecht (1713) by exploring the nexus between culture and politics. Facing increasing competition from England and France, the Dutch lost their dominance of trade and the government became more rigid and less tolerant. -- L'etat, c'est moi! A. Thomas Hobbes --> pro-absolutism; pro-"divine-right" monarchy. The Idea of the Balance of Power i. - divine right: Kings are God's representatives on Earth Some of the most notable figures of this period include mathematician and philosopher Ren. oppressive class. C. capitalism --> private ownership of the means of production and distribution; capital is invested in Catholicism official religion of France Calvinists were to be tolerated throughout Europe. A. rationalism --> logical reasoning based on facts. -Treaty of Non-such: English soldiers+ Calvary to Netherlands, -Beheaded Mary Stuart for planning to overthrow from throne -> causes Pope Sixtus to no longer retrain public support and Spain attempts to invade England, II. 4 & 1,500 \\ The Treaty of Utrecht, signed in April 1713, ended the wars between France and Savoy, Portugal, the Netherlands, and Prussia. ~ completed Decline of Spain as a major Power - Parliament became more Puritan, sought reform of Anglican church As he had reigned over a vast global empire, the question of who would succeed him had long troubled . -France concedes property in New World to England raison d'etat. In the 17th century, the Dutch Republic was the leading commercial power in Europe, with Amsterdam serving as Europes financial center. a. The peace between Spain and the Dutch was delayed until June 26, 1714, and that between Spain and Portugal until the Treaty of Madrid (February 1715). - Catholic HRE, Lutherans, Calvinists ~ revenue tripled, army grew 10x from citizens belonging to the Church and sending the money to Rome. -- rejected absolute governments. -- mysticism movement (St. Theresa of Avila, St. John of the Cross). Centuries - Major Events. Eighteenth-Century Spain 1700-1788 - W.N.Hargreaves- Mawdsley 1979-06-17 A History of the American People - Paul Johnson 1999-02-17 August 1589, Henry III assassinated by crazy monk -faced revolts of nobility and Parlement of Paris (court) sometimes seen as an "Enlightened Despot" (this is questionable). -- revoked the Edict of Nantes. Main Themes: Enlightenment philosophes provided a major source of ideas that could be used to undermine E. Charles II (1660-1685) --> Stuart Restoration Datathon 2023; NEXT Jamboree; EuroAsia 2023 - Mumbai; LIVES Forum 2023 - Utrecht; LIVES 2023 - Milan; e-LIVES Online Media library; Endorsed events; Past events; Resources. -Failed to distinguish between important/ trivial matters -strong monarchy necessary to end chaos of war and rebellion, Manipulating Nobility: The Netherlands was home to a number of important scientists and philosophers, and the country was at the forefront of the scientific revolution that took place during this period. \text { Year }(t) & \text { Cash flow } \\ he taxed the peasants, not the nobility. V. Lutheranism: D. Each person must deal with God directly -- each person is his/her own priest. -tightens service requirements of nobility as admins for LIFE answer choices Treaty of Utretcht Treaty of Nystad The first treaty signed at Utrecht was the truce between France and Portugal on 7 November, followed by the truce between France and Savoy on 14 March 1714. The Seven Northern Dutch provinces signed the Union of Utrecht, creating a defensive alliance against the Spanish, but they were politically independent with no absolute ruler. Ap Euro Events Terms in this set (16) Peace of Augsburg 1555, ended religious civil war between roman catholic and lutherans in germany, each german prince power to choice religion of state, failed to provide recognition for calvinsts or other religious groups Council of Trent Determined to Westernize Europeanize "backwards Russia", Restructures Military: -- SEE TREATIES PAGE for Peace of Augsburg (1555), Edict of Nantes (1598), and ~ 1576: William "The Silent" of Orange -> Pacification of Ghent -- "Babylonian Captivity" Recognizes protestants in HRE. -1722 institutes TABLE OF RANKS: -Puritans fear Catholic revival, Married to Catholic (failed to enforce Anti-Catholic laws), 1637: English order Scots use Anglican Worship service -went after dangerous nobles (asserted territorial independence) -France -Russia ~ dissolves body after they demand concessions (Short Parliament) sovereignty. Since the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, . [25] However, in the Parliament of 1710 the Tories had gained control of the House of Commons, and they wished for an end to Great Britain's participation in a European war. - Spanish Netherlands, Milan, Naples given to Austria -- Catherine the Great --> expansion of Russian borders in SW; solidifying the power of the Czars; - put on trial for treason and executed in Jan. 1649 (King), Oliver Cromwell and 1 house Parliament began experiment w/ republican rule -> Commonwealth - Little industry/ agriculture, peasants ruined by taxation, not modern, Contributing Factors: \end{array} he improved Fr. I. -- Parliament now reigned supreme. [23], The successful French Rhineland campaign of 1713 finally induced Charles to sign the 1714 treaties of Rastatt and Baden, although terms were not agreed with Spain until the 1720 Treaty of The Hague. ~ Vastly expanded Britain, Background: Death of Henry II, followed by weak rulers and regency rule by Catherine d' Medici You join either have text and image or an umbrella option but always both. Players: Valois Kings=Catholic moderates, unwilling compromise ~Growing scientific culture, Raised fears of re-Catholicization due to Ferdinand II's design Spain was compelled to give Britain control of the lucrative West African slave trade and to let Britain send one ship of merchandise into the Spanish colonies annually, through Porto Bello on the Isthmus of Panama. ~ Peace of Utrecht permanence/ role of Parliament, -Grand Alliance of England, Dutch, Austrians and Prussians This assurance was given, and so in February the Imperial representatives made their appearance. -- Protestants suffered. - Act of Uniformity revises version of Book of Common Prayer w/ 39 Articles form the original 42 France signed treaties of commerce and navigation with Great Britain and the Netherlands (11 April 1713). ~ 1653: nobles given freedom from taxation, control over peasants in exchange for reduced role on politics Great Britain signed a like treaty with Spain (9 December 1713). [35], Despite failure in Spain, Austria secured its position in Italy and Hungary, allowing it to continue expansion into areas of South-East Europe previously held by the Ottoman Empire. no smoking, drinking, gambling, blaspheming, dancing, music in religious services. - January 1642: king attempts arrest several Parliament members, leaves London and prepares for War, Civil War fought between Roundheads (Parliament) and Cavaliers (Royalists) The first treaty, signed between France and Austria in the city of Rastatt, followed the earlier Treaty of Utrecht of 1713, which ended hostilities between France and Spain on the one hand, and Britain and the Dutch Republic on the other hand. The war involved three contenders for the vacant throne of Spain, and involved much of Europe for over a decade. - Spanish Netherlands, Milan, Naples given to Austria By the treaty with Britain (April 11), France recognized Queen Anne as the British sovereign and undertook to cease supporting James Edward, the son of the deposed king James II. Protestants everywhere must restore Catholic beliefs and practices. After the British government gained access to the Asiento de Negros, the economic prominence held by Dutch Sephardic Jewish slaveowners began to fade, while the South Sea Company was established in hopes of gaining exclusive access to the contract. ~ enforced spy network to uncover noble plots C. increase in world trade. 2. The European Central Bank (ECB) is charged with conducting monetary policy for the 19 countries that participate in the European Monetary Union, and use the euro as their common currency. The treaties between several European states, including Spain, Great Britain, France, Portugal, Savoy and the Dutch Republic, helped end the war. -- vigorous foreign policy ( see 5-page sheets on Commercial & Dynastic Wars **) -enlarged and reformed army demography. . -- religious toleration, but leaned toward the Catholics. Church control. -Turkish Army laid Siege to Vienna 1683 -> peak Muslims in Europe language). -- first to establish the Bourbon family. 100 Years' War Ends . - France loses Gibraltar, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Hudson Bay to England The Peace of Utrecht was a series of peace treaties signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, in the Dutch city of Utrecht between April 1713 and February 1715. -standing army increased from 38k to 83k -Calvinists gain legal recognition, independence of Swiss Confederacy, and United Provinces of Netherlands, are a long recognized proclaimed in law Married clergy. [33] While the war left all participants with unprecedented levels of government debt, only Great Britain successfully financed it. Chapter 14 AGE OF EXPANSION Gustavus Adolphus (1594-1632) - Duke of Alva (1508-1582 - Armada (1588) - Vasco de Balboa-Christopher Columbus- Concordat of Bologna (1516 - the ruler of a land would determine the religion of the land. A. In eastern Europe between 1500 and 1650, the growth of commercial agriculture was accompanied by the consolidation of serfdom Political power in the Dutch Republic was Controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy businessmen. F. No difference between the laity and the clergy. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Peace and Friendship Treaty of Utrecht between Spain and Great Britain, Peace and Friendship Treaty of Utrecht between France and Great Britain, Balance of power (international relations), Articles preliminaires accordez & promis per le Roi T.C. Bohemian Throne to Hapsburg Ferdinand -> restore faith to Hapsburg lands Renaissance to Peace of Westphalia TRENDS WOMEN (quenelle des femmes) - Christine de Pizan (1364- 1430) prolific writer, 1st to earn living, refute "masculine myths" about women europe's first feminist - humanism real advance for aristocratic women humanistic education small number of women- still excluded from guilds and denied basic civl rights A. Catholic "Counter"-Reformation Religious Wars of the late 16c & Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) -> New Laws didn't improve lives by much, introduces African Slaves to labor force, Arrives w/ small pox already there. -confiscated land of Protestants and gave to Catholic nobles and foreign aristocrats (build loyal base) -Munster and Osnabruck in Westphalia peace talks, war kills 1/3 of German population, Rescinded Ferdinand's Edict of Restitution + reasserted major feature of religious settlement: Peace of Augsburg -Catherine, influenced by Guise family to wipe out Huguenots divinely ordained, God ruled through King, Cardinal Richelieu: Chief minister to Louis XIII -- reformed many of the previous abuses in the Church. Click to Rate "Hated It" Click to Rate "Didn't Like It" Click to Rate "Liked It" . In 1566, the Netherlands revolted against Spanish rule, officially becoming the independent Dutch Republic in 1648. -Moves are made to restore monarchy by nobles w/ Charles II, Restore English monarchy under Charles II -> approves needs money but ignores limitations doesn't call for 11 The War of the Spanish Succession was occasioned by the failure of the Habsburg king, Charles II of Spain, to produce an heir. -- new No. Ap Euro Midterm. The main treaties of peace followed on 11 April 1713. -enlisted the nobles as JUNKERS became officer class -- he backed the nobility in the Peasant Revolt. [4], France and Great Britain had come to terms in October 1711, when the preliminaries of peace had been signed in London. A. Spaniards collected taxes and labor in return for protection, wages, and religion. Hundred years' War --> the rise of the modern nation-state. European technology/ horses lead to victory over Inca, Major Goal: consolidate + secure lands of Charles V w/ strict conformity to Catholicism pour servir de fondement auz Negociations de Geertruydenberg. granted them exclusive control over foreign access to ports in the United Provinces . Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). -Estonia, much of present day Latvia ceded to Russia Test: AP European History. GorenteTas is an initiative of students of Utrecht University that has been establish since 1994 who . Spain under Philip V signed separate peace treaties with Savoy and Great Britain at Utrecht on 13 July. Le 2. Jean Bodin, a French writer and political theorist, believed that sovereign power consisted of the authority to make laws, tax, administer justice, control the state's administrative system, and determine foreign policy.